Canonesses Regular of the Orders of Calatrava and of Alcantara
Author: Schoonebeek, Adriaan, ca. 1660-1714
Image Title: Canonesses Regular of the Orders of Calatrava and of Alcantara
Description: This etched print features a canoness regular either of the Order of Calatrava or the Order of Alcantara. The former was the first military order founded in Castile, originally established as a military branch of the Cistercian family. Pope Alexander III gave the papal bull confirming the Order of Calatrava as a militia in 1164 CE, the Order having originated in 1157 at the castle Calatrava, located in what was then the southernmost border of Castile, when it was necessary for the monks to play a part in defending the castle against the Moors. With a papal bull issued in 1177, Pope Alexander III (1159 – 1181 CE) also confirmed the Order of Alcantara, which had been founded by Alonzo of Leon with the aim of creating a special branch of the Order of Calatrava. Through their compact with the Knights of Calatrava, they accepted the Cistercian rule and costume, and they submitted to the right of inspection and correction from the Master of Calatrava.
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